Neet Physics Weightage, Preparation, Chapters 2022, 2023, 2024

Physics Overview

Physics is the branch of science that deals with the study of the basic laws of nature and their manifestation in different phenomena. In physics, we want to explain why objects move around the way they do and precisely define the most fundamental measurable quantities in the universe (e.g., velocity, electric field, kinetic energy) and find relationships between those fundamental measured quantities (e.g., Newton’s Laws, conservation of energy). These patterns and correlations are expressed using words, equations, graphs, charts, diagrams, models, and any other means that allow us to express a relationship in a way that we as humans can better understand and use.
This equations, graphs, carts and Diagrams are the keys to master the subject. Some important topics that fetches maximum number of questions are as follow.

Physics Important Topics
• Mechanics
• Electrodynamics
• Modern Physics
• Heat and Thermodynamics
• Optics
• Simple Harmomic Motion
• Waves

 

Other Reference Books for Physics

• NCERT Physics Class XI & Class XII.
• Concepts of Physics by H. C. Verma.
• Objective Physics By DC Pandey.
• Fundamental Physics by Pradeep
Candidates undergoing their NEET physics preparation must understand the concepts included in the syllabus and practice the questions based on their application.

Mechnaics Unit Wise Analysis

This unit is the most sought after when questions are being searched for being delivered in papers . This is the unit of highest weightage among all in Physics given its emphasis on numericals . Questions have been coming continuously from this with some ups and downs . With the highest no. of questions in 2017 at 16 and lowest in 2010 at 10 this unit still boasts the highest no. of questions in almost all years . Going by the trends we can expect a minimum of 13 questions this year too which could go up to 15 .
The below given bar-graph illustrates the frequency of questions appearing in paper from this unit :

Guide to graph:

● DIMENSIONS (bottom most in 2019)
● (2nd from bottom in 2015)
● MOTION (2nd from bottom in 2019)
● MOTION (3rd from bottom in 2019)
● MOTION(4th from bottom in 2017)
● MOTION (5th from top in 2017)
● OF MOTION AND FRICTION (5th from top in 2019)
● OF MASS AND MOMENTUM (4th from top in 2019)
● POWER AND ENERGY (3rd from top in 2019)
● (2nd from top in 2019)
● (top one in 2019)

Thermal Physics Unit Wise Analysis

Thermal physics, generally speaking, is the study of the statistical nature of physical systems from an energetic perspective. Starting with the basics of heat and temperature, thermal physics analyzes the first law of thermodynamics and second law of thermodynamics from the statistical perspective, in terms of the number of microstates corresponding to a given macrostate. In addition, the concept of entropy is studied via quantum theory.
A central topic in thermal physics is the canonical probability distribution. The electromagnetic nature of photons and phonons are studied which show that the oscillations of electromagnetic fields and of crystal lattices have much in common. Waves form a basis for both, provided one incorporates quantum theory.
Now this topic becomes a much more complex topic courtesy to its interrelationship with Chemistry . Their is a lot of confusion regarding the signs of work done . You need to be very careful while assuming signs and have a definitive understanding of the difference . You will need to clearly learn the laws and their thesis to avoid misleadings.

Thermal Physics Chapters For Neet

● Thermometry and thermal expansion
● Calorimetry
● Thermodynamics (First Law and Second Law)
● Kinetic theory of gasses
● Heat transfer (Conduction and Radiation)
The main topic to focus in this unit are
● calorimetry
● thermodynamics
● kinetic theory of gases and heat transfer
● Thermal equilibrium and definition of temperature (zeroth law of Thermodynamics). Heat, work and internal energy. First law of thermodynamics. Isothermal and adiabatic processes.
● Second law of thermodynamics: Reversible and irreversible processes. Heat engines and refrigerators.

Unit analysis:

The amount of questions have declined in the recent years though rising again last year. Till 2015 a continuous array of questions poured in with 5 or more each year since 2009 . But there was a drop in 2016 with 7 questions in 3 years . There were however , 6 questions asked last year which could allow us to predict 5 questions again this year .
The below given bar-graph illustrates the frequency of questions appearing in paper from this unit :

Guide to graph:

● THERMOMETRY AND THERMAL EXPANSION (bottom most in 2015)
● CALORIMETRY( bottom most in 2019)
● THERMODYNAMICS (2nd from bottom in 2018)
● KINETIC THEORY OF GASES (2nd from top in 2019)
● HEAT TRANSFER( topmost in 2019)

 SHM and Waves Unit Wise Analysis

In mechanics and physics, simple harmonic motion is a special type of periodic motion or oscillation where the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement and acts in the direction opposite to that of displacement. Simple harmonic motion can serve as a mathematical model for a variety of motions, such as the oscillation of a spring. In addition, other phenomena can be approximated by simple harmonic motion, including the motion of a simple pendulum as well as molecular vibration. Simple harmonic motion is typified by the motion of a mass on a spring when it is subject to the linear elastic restoring force given by Hooke's law. The motion is sinusoidal in time and demonstrates a single resonant frequency. In physics a wave can be thought of as a disturbance or oscillation that travels through space-time, accompanied by a transfer of energy. Wave motion transfers energy from one point to another, often with no permanent displacement of the particles of the medium —that is, with little or no associated mass transport.
SHM needs practice to be able to achieve near perfection . It requires a thorough analysis and assessing of situation in order to understand the concepts and question . Waves , on the other hand , requires a rigorous visualisation from you . Only then you will be able to understand it completely . Animations or videos might help a lo in this unit . SHM mostly focuses on numericals whereas waves prioritize on theory part .
This unit covers :-
● Simple harmonic Motion
● Progressive waves and speed of mechanical waves
● Stationary waves and Beats
● Interference and organ pipe
● Doppler's effect (In sound and light)
The main topic to focus in this unit are Simple harmonic Motion and little about Interference and
● Periodic motion-period, frequency, displacement as a function of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion(SHM) and its equation; phase; oscillations of a spring-restoring force and force constant; energy in SHM - Kinetic and potential energies; simple pendulum-derivation of expression for its time period; free, forced and damped oscillations (qualitative ideas only), resonance.
● Wave motion - Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of wave motion. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves, standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics.
● Doppler effect

Unit analysis:

This unit too falls into the category of medium weightage units . There have been questions flowing in steadily . There was a dip in between then again it restored on its usual track. The last 3 years have witnessed 11 questions but before that 3 years just had 4 in their bag . The recent rise indicates there can be 4 to 5 questions again this year .
The below given bar-graph illustrates the frequency of questions appearing in paper from this unit :

Guide to graph:

● SHM (bottom most in 2019)
● PROGRESSIVE WAVES AND SPEED OF MECHANICAL WAVES ( 2nd from bottom in 2019)
● STATIONARY WAVES AND BEATS (topmost in 2018)
● INTERFERENCE AND ORGAN PIPES (2nd from top in 2019) 0
● DOPPLER’s EFFECT( topmost in 2019)

Properties Matter and Fluid Mechanics Unit Wise Analysis

Physical properties of matter can be observed and tested. They include properties such as color, length, volume, odor, and density. These properties are extensive if they depend on the amount of the substance being used or intensive if they do not depend on the amount of substance being used.
The other part - Fluid mechanics is the branch of physics concerned with the mechanics of fluids (liquids, gases, and plasmas) and the forces on them. It has applications in a wide range of disciplines, including mechanical, civil, chemical and biomedical engineering, geophysics, oceanography, meteorology, astrophysics, and biology . Fluid Mechanics can also be defined as the science which deals with the study of behaviour of fluids either at rest or in motion . It can be divided into fluid statics, the study of fluids at rest; and fluid dynamics, the study of the effect of forces on fluid motion.
Fluid is one of the most important part of Physics . You will need to focus a lot on it . The properties of matter will be helpful in analysing various aspects of physics and come in use indirectly . With fluids involving mechanics you will face an ample amount of numericals here as well .
The main topic in this unit are :-
● Properties of matter (Elasticity)
● Flow of liquids
● You have to learn about various properties of fluids and fluid mechanics.
● Pressure due to a fluid column; Pascal's law and its applications (hydraulic lift and hydraulic brakes). Effect of gravity on fluid pressure.
● Viscosity, Stokes' law, terminal velocity, streamline and turbulent flow, critical velocity.
● Bernoulli's theorem and its applications.

Unit analysis:

The past 4 years have seen a drought of questions from this unit in question paper . Before that , there was a continuous array of questions but not much in number . With 16 questions in 7 years since 2009 doesn’t count to much . It is a low weightage unit and no questions are expected to come this year as well considering this unit might be out of scheme of things .
The below given bar-graph illustrates the frequency of questions appearing in paper from this unit :

Guide to graph:

● PROPERTIES OF MATTER - ELASTICITY(bottom most in 2015)
● FLOW OF LIQUIDS ( bottom most in 2012)
● VISCOSITY (2nd from bottom in 2015)
● SURFACE TENSION (topmost in 2015)

Electrostatics and Electricity Unit Wise Analysis

The study of stationary electric charges or fields as opposed to electric currents.Electrostatic phenomena arise from the forces that electric charges exert on each other. Such forces are described by Coulomb's law. Even though electrostatically induced forces seem to be rather weak, some electrostatic forces such as the one between an electron and a proton, that together make up a hydrogen atom, is about 36 orders of magnitude stronger than the gravitational force acting between them.
Electricity is the presence and flow of electric charge. .. It is a form of energy which we use to power machines and electrical devices. When electrical charges are not moving, electricity is called static electricity. When the charges are moving they are an electric current, sometimes called 'dynamic electricity'.
Syllabus -wise these two chapters are the biggest ones and hence consume most of your time while preparing . Electrostats involve basic integration which you might find difficult if you haven’t studied it till now . Electrostats is a must as it is the basic of upcoming chapters and without it you will be blank in those . Electricity is the evolved form of electrostats . A chapter which has one thing but numericals to offer . Hence solve as much problems as you can and try to do it using different methods .
This unit covers :-
● Electric field and Potential
● Gauss's Law
● Capacitors
● Current Electricity
● Thermal and Chemical effects of Current

The main weightage in this unit is from
● Electric field and Potential
● Current Electricity
● Thermal and Chemical effects of Current

Unit analysis:

This can be considered a high weightage unit with more than 6 questions occuring more often than not . It had a certain spike in 2014 with 10 questions and dips in 2015 and 2012 with 4 questions each . Last 4 years have been consistent and have averaged 6.75 questions per year . Hence we can expect 6 - 7 questions this year as well .
The below given bar-graph illustrates the frequency of questions appearing in paper from this unit :

Guide to graph:

● ELECTRIC FIELD AND POTENTIAL (bottom most in 2019)
● GAUSS’s LAW ( 2nd from bottom in 2018)
● CAPACITORS (2nd from bottom in 2019))
● CURRENT ELECTRICITY (topmost in 2019)
● THERMAL AND CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF CURRENT ( topmost in 2019)

 Magnetism Unit Wise Analysis

Magnetism is a class of physical phenomena that are mediated by magnetic fields. Electric currents and the magnetic moments of elementary particles give rise to a magnetic field, which acts on other currents and magnetic moments. The most familiar effects occur in ferromagnetic materials, which are strongly attracted by magnetic fields and can be magnetized to become permanent magnets, producing magnetic fields themselves. Only a few substances are ferromagnetic; the most common ones are iron, cobalt and nickel and their alloys such as steel.
Electromagnetism is a branch of physics involving the study of the electromagnetic force, a type of physical interaction that occurs between electrically charged particles. The electromagnetic force is carried by electromagnetic fields composed of electric fields and magnetic fields, is responsible for electromagnetic radiation such as light, and is one of the four fundamental interactions (commonly called forces) in nature. The other three fundamental interactions are the strong interaction, the weak interaction, and gravitation.At high energy the weak force and electromagnetic force are unified as a single electroweak force.
This unit is a bit new to you but is slightly analogous to electrostats . So you can learn the basic formulas easily . Magnetism brings new concepts and discusses utility of magnetic materials . Electromagnetism is a whole new concept but its roots lie in magnetism too . Induction is a new and difficult topic so study it properly . AC is relatively abit easy and scoring topic so dont leave that . Learn properly the applications of various instruments being used .

This unit comprises of :-
● Moving charge in magnetic field
● Electromagnetic field
● Force and Torque in magnetic field
● Earth's magnetism
● Electromagnetic Induction
● Alternating Current

The main topic that carries higher weightage from this unit are
● Electromagnetic field
● Force and Torque in magnetic field ,Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current
● Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, straight and toroidal solenoids. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Cyclotron.
● Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines; electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole; torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.
● Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications
● Alternating currents, peak and rms value of alternating current voltage; reactance and impedance; LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits.
● AC generator and transformer.

Unit analysis:

This unit lies between moderately weighted and highly weighted units and offers questions continuously . It has the highest level of consistency and the no. of questions are always around 5 or 6 . It had a sudden increase in 2018 at 11 questions but again next year it dropped to its usual 5 . We can hence expect another set of 5 questions from this unit .
The below given bar-graph illustrates the frequency of questions appearing in paper from this unit :

Guide to graph:

● ALTERNATING CURRENT (top most in 2019)
● MOVING CHARGE IN MAGNETIC FIELD (bottom most in 2019)
● ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ( bottom most in 2018)
● FORCE AND TORQUE IN MAGNETIC FIELD(2nd from bottom in 2018)
● EARTH’s MAGNETISM (2nd from bottom in 2019)
● ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION (2nd from top in 2019)

Optics Unit Wise Analysis

Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it. Optics usually describes the behaviour of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light. Because light is an electromagnetic wave, other forms of electromagnetic radiation such as X-rays, microwaves, and radio waves exhibit similar properties
Geometrical optics, or ray optics, is a model of optics that describes light propagation in terms of rays. The ray in geometric optics is an abstraction useful for approximating the paths along which light propagates under certain circumstances
Physical optics, or wave optics, is the branch of optics that studies interference, diffraction, polarization, and other phenomena for which the ray approximation of geometric optics is not valid.
Optics is all about understanding light and having a solid base of geometry . You have to thoroughly know the nature of light . You will need to learn the reasons behind several natural phenomena . Many reasons questions are formed from this so be prepared . Wave optics offers a different and new perspective which you haven't visited yet , so it could be difficult hence study it properly .

This chapter includes -
● Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications, optical fibres, refraction spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens-maker's formula.
● Magnification power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, combination of a lensand a mirror.
● Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism.
● Scattering of light- blue colour of the sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset.
● Optical instruments: human eye, image formation and accommodation, correction of eye defects(myopia and hypermetropia ) using lenses.
● Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers .
● Wave optics: wavefront and Huygens' principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a planesurface using wavefronts.
● Proof of laws, of reflection and refraction using Huygens' principle .
● Interference, Young's double hole experinlent and expression for fringe v.ridth, coherent sources andsustained interference of light.
● Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum .
● Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes. Polarization, plane polarized light;

Unit analysis:

This unit used to be consistent and offered a no. of questions but that was till 2016. The 2017 year saw a fall in the no. of questions dropping to 3 from 6 in the previous year . This continued for the 2 successive years after that with 3 and 2 questions coming up . Before 2017 , there were 5 questions asked every year barring a few . This year we can predict 3 questions judging the recent decline . The below given bar-graph illustrates the frequency of questions appearing in paper from this unit :

Guide to graph:

● WAVE OPTICS (bottom most in 2019)
● REFLECTION(bottom most in 2016)
● REFRACTION THROUGH PLANE SURFACE ( bottom most in 2018)
● REFRACTION THROUGH SPHERICAL SURFACES (2nd from top in 2018)
● OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS (2nd from top in 2016)
● INTERFERENCE IN LIGHT (topmost in 2017)

Electronics Unit Wise Analysis

Electronics comprises the physics, engineering, technology and applications that deal with the emission, flow and control of electrons in vacuum and matter .
Our syllabus is limited though and hence we will have the following terms related to our course -
A semiconductor material has an electrical conductivity value falling between that of a conductor, such as metallic copper, and an insulator, such as glass. Its resistance decreases as its temperature increases, which is behaviour opposite to that of a metal.
A diode is defined as a two-terminal electronic component that only conducts current in one direction (so long as it is operated within a specified voltage level). An ideal diode will have zero resistance in one direction, and infinite resistance in the reverse direction.
Transistor is a semiconductor device that can both conduct and insulate. A transistor can act as a switch and an amplifier. It converts audio waves into electronic waves and resistor, controlling electronic current.
In electronics, a logic gate is an idealized or physical device implementing a Boolean function; that is, it performs a logical operation on one or more binary inputs and produces a single binary output.

The topics under this unit are :-
● Semi Conductors
● Transistors and Diode, Triode
● Logic Gates
● E.M. Waves
● Communication

You have to focus mainly on -
● Semiconductors and electromagnetic waves.
● Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators , Semiconductor diode - I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier
● Special purpose p-n junction diodes: LED, photodiode, solar cell and Zener diode and their characteristics, zener diode as a voltage regulator.
● Junction transistor, transistor action, characteristics of a transistor and transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration), basic idea of analog and digital signals, Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR).

Unit analysis:

This chapter again has been one of the most consistent chapters among all the units . Though it falls in moderately weighed category , it still offers a decent amount of questions and that too with surity . The previous 4 years saw 19 questions coming which could be considered a rise in questions relatively to the previous 7 years before that which had an average below 4 . This year again we can expect 5 questions coming up .
The below given bar-graph illustrates the frequency of questions appearing in paper from this unit :

Guide to graph:

● SEMICONDUCTORS (bottom most in 2019)
● TRANSISTORS and DIODE (2nd from bottom in 2019)
● LOGIC GATES (2nd from top in 2017)
● EM WAVES (topmost in 2017)
● COMMUNICATION (no questions asked)

Modern Physics Unit Wise Analysis

Modern physics is an effort to understand the underlying processes of the interactions of matter utilizing the tools of science & engineering. In general, the term is used to refer to any branch of physics either developed in the early 20th century and onwards, or branches greatly influenced by early 20th century physics.In a literal sense, the term modern physics, means up-to-date physics. In this sense, a significant portion of so-called classical physics modern. Physics that incorporates elements of either QM or ER (or both) is said to be modern physics. It is in this latter sense that the term is generally used.
Though here we won't discuss either about Quantum mechanics or Einstein's relativity theory as both are beyond our limits right now . We will discuss the nature of atom and thus matter . You will be taught various theories likewise in Chemistry as well about atomic structure . You will study about X Rays and other ones of their category . Radioactivity will be taught as well . Numericals will be of essence for scoring in this unit .

This includes :-
● Atomic Physics and Spectrum
● Photoelectric effect
● x-rays
● Nuclear Physics
● Alpha- particle scattering experiments; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum.
● Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars; isotones.
● Radioactivity- alpha, beta and gamma particles/ rays and their properties, decay law.
● Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation ,with mass number, nuclear fission and fusion.
● Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation- particle nature of light.
● Matter waves- wave nature of particles, de Broglie relation. Davisson-Germer experiment ( experimental details should be omitted; only conclusion should be explained).

Unit analysis:

This unit has progressed quite well in terms of delivering questions to the papers . In fact for the past 11 years it has increased in phases . Starting from 3 then averaging 4 then 5 and now since 2019 it has thrown in 36 questions with an average of 9 . There was a sudden increase in the years 2016 - 17 with 10 and highest of them all , 11 in them respectively . Though it has dropped now to 7 and 8 and we expect the same numbers to be repeated in the years to come .
The below given bar-graph illustrates the frequency of questions appearing in paper from this unit :

Guide to graph:

● ATOMIC PHYSICS and SPECTRUM (bottom most in 2019)
● PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT (2nd from bottom in 2019)
● X-RAYS (2nd from top in 2019)
● NUCLEAR PHYSICS (topmost in 2019)